The various minorities were clamoring either for independence or secession, and with Russia eager to champion their cause the spectre of Europe being dragged into further wars seemed entirely possible. Essentially the problem, as the rest of Europe saw it, was that the Balkans region was unstable and the Ottoman Empire (the "sick man of Europe") was waning in power and unable to keep the peace. The Congress of Berlin was held in 1878, following the Russo-Turkish War of 1877-1878. The map of Europe was redrawn by the Congress of Berlin (1878). 1.7 What if the Ottoman Empire Refuses to Comply?.1.4 Deciding the Outcome of the Congress.
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